This first phrasal verb is a common one in English, we use it when we need to confront or deal with something. It is commonly used for situations which cannot be ignored anymore. The meaning of “Face up to” in Spanish “enfrentar” o “afrontar algo”.

It is important to note that you must include the “to” for this phrasal verb to work, you can’t just say “face up”. We need to face up to things when we are dealing with the reality of a negative situation. For example, we might say, “We need to face up to the fact that we have lost almost all of the money we have invested.” Or, we could say, “You need to face up to the reality that we are not going to meet our targets this quarter.”

These two expressions, “face up to the fact that” and “face up to the reality that” are very commonly used when we have been trying to ignore the reality of a negative situations and the time has finally come to accept that things will probably not turn out the way we wanted them to. 

The next phrasal verb can be used both in physical and emotional contexts. By this I mean, something can physically fall apart, meaning it breaks into pieces and can no longer serve its original function. Conversely, someone can fall apart emotionally, meaning they lose control. So, depending on the context you can use it in a number of different ways. I might also add, that you can use it figuratively to describe processes and systems.

The Spanish for the two would be “desarmarse” and “derrumbarse”.

Let’s take a look at some examples to put this one into context. We could say, “We have had a big drop in our productivity as one of our stamping machines has been offline for the past few days. The command module completely fell apart.” We could also say, “If we don’t make an attractive offer in the next 24 hours this deal could fall apart, and we will be left with nothing.” 

Let’s move on to the next phrasal verb which is “Give in”. To give in means to surrender or “rendirse”. When we know we have lost a battle or the war we need to know when it is time to give in.

An example of this could be, “I think we should give in to our customers demands and completely replace to faulty product.”

The next phrasal verb is to “break down”. This phrasal verb has both a physical and emotional use to it. To break down means “averiarse” or “ponerse a llorar”. People can break down emotionally, machines can break down physically and situations or processes can also break down.

A good collocation that works with “break down” is communication. For example, we can have a communication breakdown, whereby the phrasal verb is changed into a noun. The difference between the two is that breakdown as a noun the is one word, whereas, “break down” as a phrasal verb is two words.

So, an example of the phrasal verb would be, “The machine has broken down and won’t be back online until Monday.”

I just love this next one. To “fall through”, this means that something that was planned has failed to happen or materialise. The Spanish translation is “venirse abajo”. To when you find yourself in a situation where something has been unsuccessful or come to nothing, then you can use this phrasal verb.

Let’s take a look at an example. “John, it’s a complete disaster, the whole deal we have spent months working on has just fallen through and the buyer has pulled out.” 

Moving onto our next one, to “burn out”, is another great phrasal verb for describing a negative situation at work. To “burn out” means to suffer from exhaustion or to be used up. The Spanish word is “quemarse” or “agotarse”. When we burn out, we are either emotionally or physically exhausted.

To put it into context, consider this example. “The team is completely burnt out; they haven’t had a holiday in over 6 months and morale is at an all-time low.”

Right, the second last one on my list today is to “cut back on”. When we cut back on something, it means that we reduce the consumption of it. It is very common to hear this expression in business. It means “recortar gastos en”.

When we are trying to reduce expenses in a company, we use this phrasal verb. For example, we could say, “We need to cut back on travel expenses, they have tripled in the past 6 months.” Conversely, we could also use it to refer to a bad habit that we need to stop. For example, “I need to cut back on the amount of alcohol I am drinking.”

So, you can see from the above examples that it can be used to talk about expenses as well as bad personal habits. 

Well, we are at the end of this episode and the next phrasal verb is fitting for the final one here today. To “close down”, means to “cerrar” in Spanish. When a business can no longer continues to operate, then it is forced to close down.

Here is an example, “Despite months of negotiating with creditors the company finally had to close down as it had no cash to continue operating.”